APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY · PRIMARIES SURGERY

Cardiac cycle → pre-op cardiac reserve — 68M AAA repair

8 decision points ~18 min Difficulty 3/5 Primaries

Setting

You are pre-assessing a 68-year-old for elective open AAA repair. His echo report mentions 'moderate LV dysfunction' and you use the case to teach applied cardiac physiology to the resident on the ward round.

Patient

Mr T, 68-year-old retired driver, elective infrarenal AAA repair booked. Ejection fraction 42%, previous NSTEMI, on beta-blocker + statin + aspirin. Exercise tolerance 4 METs. Non-diabetic.

Reference stack

Bailey & Love 28e Ch 4 · Ganong's 26e Ch 30 · Sabiston 21e Ch 25

Start cascade →

You'll be asked to decide what happens next at each step. There's no timer — take your time. The correct answer + evidence-anchored rationale is revealed after each choice.